Hands-on math!

Washington State Math Olympiad
Hints and Solutions
2017 Grade 6 Geometry

Problem
Solution
1) A cube has the same numeric value for its surface area and its volume. How many units is its side length? Use s for the length of the cube's side.
1. The surface area of a cube is 6 times the square of the side length.
2. The volume of the cube is the side length cubed.
3. Write an equation setting these 2 things equal to each other and solve for the side length s
    6s2 = s3
    divide both sides by s2
    6s2 = s3        s = 6
     s2     s2
2) JIHG is a square with an area of 36 square inches.
JN is 1/3 of JI.
What is the area of square KNML?
1. Compute the side lengths of the large square =
    √ 36 = 6 in.
2. If KNML is a square, then all the triangles
    JNK, NIM, KGL and LHM are congruent (they are identical).
3. All the triangles have a short side JN = 6 x (1/3) = 2
    and a long side NI = 6 - 2 = 4
4. Find the area of one of the triangles = (2 x 4)/2 = 4 sq. in.
5. Multiply it by 4 and subtract from the outer square area =
    36 - 4 x 4 = 36 - 16 = 20 sq. in.
3). A parallelogram has vertices at
    (2, 3), (-6, 0), and (-2, 5).
Where is its 4th vertex located?
The points are 1, 2 and 3 in the order listed.
Use this grid:
1. Plot the 3 points on the grid.
2. Determine the x and y offset of point 1 from point 3
    (this is going from 3 to 1) = (+4,-2)
3. Apply this offset to point 2 = (-6+4,0-2) = (-2,-2).

Problem
Solution
4) Find the area of the figure
1. Draw a horizontal line that touches 4 of the vertices and cuts the figure into 4 triangles.
2. Determine the base, height and area of the 4 triangles:
    1: (big one on the bottom) b = 11 h = 7 a = 38.5
    2: (left skinny one) b = 2 h = 5 a = 5
    3: (middle upper one) b = 5 h = 5 a = 12.5
    4: (right-most one) b = 4 h = 5 a = 10
3. Add these areas = 38.5 + 5 + 12.5 + 10 = 66 sq. cm.
5) Angle A has the same measure as angle B.
What is the measure of angle A?
The figure is a pentagon.
Method 1: Use the sum of the interior angles of a polygon =
180 (n - 2) where n is the number of sides.
1. For a pentagon (n=5), this is
    180 x 3 = 540o
2. Add the 3 given angles = 90 + 120 + 120 = 330o
3. Subtract this from 540 = 210
4. Divide by 2 = 105o

Method 2: Construct a quadrilateral
  1. Construct a line from point E to point C:
  2. Angles DEC + DCE = 90 degrees
    (They make 2 angles of the right triangle DEC)
  3. Angles AEC + ECB =
    (120 + 120) - 90 = 240 - 90 = 150 degrees.
  4. For the quadrilateral ABCE, the angles are:
    150 + 2A = 360 degrees.
  5. Therefore, A = (360 - 150) / 2 = 210/2 = 105o
Editor's note: If you don't know the formula for the interior angles of a polygon you must use method #2)