Hands-on math!

Washington State Math Olympiad
Hints and Solutions
2007 Grade 5 Probability & Statistics

Problem
Hint
1) What is the probability of rolling an odd product with two 12 sided dice each numbered 1 through 12? 1. The table to the right is the multiplication table for values up to 12. Study it in order to answer this question.
2. Notice that any time you multiply a number by an even number, the result is even.
3. The probability of rolling an odd product = ____
2) The pie chart shows the results of a parking lot survey at a mall on car color. If this survey was based on a sample size of 500 cars, about how many of them were either a red or a black car?
Add the percentages of red and black cars and multiply by 500 = ____ cars.

Problem
Hint
3) The gym teacher wants all 16 children in Mr. Rom's 1st grade class to get to know each other. His plan is to have them work with a different partner each day. How many different partner pairs are possible? This is a combinations problem.
1. How many ways to choose the first partner of a pairing? ____
2. After you choose that partner, how many students can he/she be paired with? _____
3. Since order doesn't count, (A paired with B is the same as B paired with A) divide this by 2 = _____ pairings.
4) Fill in the blanks in the list of numbers such that the only mode for the list will be 9 and the median will be 15.
4, 9, _____, _____, 13, ____, 17, 23, 23, 28
1. Since there are two 23s in this list, the number of 9s must be ___ to make it the mode.
2. Since there are 10 numbers in this list, the median must be the average of the middle 2 numbers.
3. What number, averaged with 13 is 15? _____
4. The completed list is: ____________________

5) Joe's dad tells Joe he can have the bag of fruit chews he's holding if he can solve this riddle:
There are three flavors: strawberry, orange and lemon. There are 4 strawberry chews. The probability of getting orange is 3/7. The probability of getting lemon is 2/7. How many fruit chews are in the bag?
1. Add the probabilities of orange and lemon chews = ____
2. Subtract this from 1 = _____.
    This is the probability of a strawberry.
3. Using this, compute the total number of chews = _____